![]() ![]() In the past, WWTPs usually used sand filters, fiber ball filters, cloth media filters, and other processes for advanced wastewater treatment. As an advanced treatment unit, the filter can effectively remove biological flocs in the wastewater. Therefore, any measure that can greatly reduce the bacterial biomass in wastewater can also effectively reduce the abundance of ARGs in wastewater. The abundance of ARGs in wastewater depends on the abundance of microorganisms. Therefore, understanding the distribution characteristics of ARGs in WWTPs is important for risk control. Moreover, ARGs can be transferred between bacteria through self-proliferation and horizontal gene transfer (HGT), and the rich nutrients and a huge number of microorganisms in activated sludge are beneficial for ARG transfer. ARGs belonging to types of Quinolones, β-lactam, sulfonamide, tetracycline, and macrolide antibiotics were widely detected in the influent, activated sludge and the supernatant, biofilm, effluent, and aerosol of WWTPs. As a centralized treatment place for wastewater from residential, medical, and aquaculture, WWTPs are considered the main reservoirs of ARGs. Many ARG subtypes have been detected in environmental samples, especially in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). ![]() Pathogenic bacteria that acquire ARGs will pose a greater threat to human health. The results may help the understanding of the complex role of the D-Type fiber filter on ARG distribution in WWTPs.Īs emerging contaminants, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have received wide attention in recent years. However, the abundance of two pathogens, Mycobacterium and PmrA, increased after the treatment by the D-Type filter, which may reveal the adverse effects of intercepting ARGs inside the fibers. The number of ARG subtypes in the D-Type filter was less than those in the secondary clarifier effluent, indicating the potential of D-Type filters to effectively reduce the ARGs released into the environment. Microbacterium, Acinetobacter, Gordonia, and Streptomyces significantly correlated with more than ten kinds of ARG subtypes, implying that they are potential hosts for these resistance gene subtypes. Co-occurrence network analysis combined with contribution analysis helped to identify the ARG-related risks in the samples. Samples of influent, activated sludge liquor, secondary clarifier effluent, and D-Type filter effluent were found to host 695, 609, 675, and 643 ARG subtypes, respectively. In this study, metagenomic analysis was used to find out the distribution characteristics of ARGs in two WWTPs equipped with the same D-Type fiber filters. ![]() With this process, everytime the source.ditamap property will start by the drive letter or the separator (if you're running on a Linux machine).Filters are popularly used in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as the final guards against effluent solids however, their impacts on antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) removal in the WWTPs are still unclear. If I try to run it through the project file, I also get a couple of error messages. Code: Select all D:\OneDrive\dita_ot\oxygen-publishing-engine-3.x\plugins\\build.xml:29: The following error occurred while executing this line:ĭ:\OneDrive\dita_ot\oxygen-publishing-engine-3.x\plugins\\build_preprocess.xml:217: : Failed to compile stylesheet 'D:\OneDrive\dita_ot\oxygen-publishing-engine-3.x\plugins\\xsl\preprocess\mapref.xsl': Malformed URL plugin::xsl/preprocess/maprefImpl.xsl(base file:/D:/OneDrive/dita_ot/oxygen-publishing-engine-3.x/plugins//xsl/preprocess/mapref.xsl)Īt .MaprefModule.init(MaprefModule.java:53)Īt .(Launcher.java:101)Ĭaused by: net.sf.: Malformed URL plugin::xsl/preprocess/maprefImpl.xsl(base file:/D:/OneDrive/dita_ot/oxygen-publishing-engine-3.x/plugins//xsl/preprocess/mapref.xsl)Īt net.sf.(XsltCompiler.java:793)Īt .MaprefModule.init(MaprefModule.java:51) ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |